Mother as God: Chimera by Gu Shi

Amidst all the headache-inducing headlines about walls and taxes, a bit of science today: First human-pig ‘chimera’ created in milestone study.

Scientists have created a human-pig hybrid in a milestone study that raises the prospect of being able to grow human organs inside animals for use in transplants.

It marks the first time that embryos combining two large, distantly-related species have been produced. The creation of this so-called chimera – named after the cross-species beast of Greek mythology – has been hailed as a significant first step towards generating human hearts, livers and kidneys from scratch.

Relief aside of seeing scientific advancements in the news in a time when clowns are trying shut down scientific discussion, the article immediately reminded me of a novella I read earlier this week, Chimera by Gu Shi, originally published in Chinese in October 2015, and translated by S.Qiouyi and Ken Liu in March 2016.

Chimera is all about the question and ethics of human-animal hybrids, told first through the perspective of musician Evan Lee, and later his son, Tony. The key figure throughout is Evan’s ex-wife and Tony’s mother, a brilliant scientist who is never actually named but is variously described as calculating, a monster, or a child. There’s a parallel story of a murder on a space-ship whose passengers buy immortality, and woven through all, the image of a pig who has Tony’s eyes.

I really enjoyed this one. The English translation is efficient prose, and while the initial descriptions of mother-as-monster are heavy-handed, it falls away once the plot was established. There’s a particularly wrenching scene where the mother’s self-control cracks enough for her to confess that being pregnant is akin to hosting to a parasite, and later there are other hints at true feeling (or maybe they too are an act). The question of how much this woman cares for her family and creations is just as interesting as the whodunnit on Eden, the organ-farm spaceship, and both plots are enough to overlook the story’s weaker points—a red-herring presentation scene about the evolution of humankind, the increasingly pretentious quotes that begin each part—and follow the various threads through the ethical dilemmas to where everything eventually joins.

Back to today’s news: ‘[R]apid progress in chimera research had prompted a range of troubling questions, including whether the progeny would look more human or more pig, what would happen if a chimera had a human thought and whether it was possible for the human cells to cannibalise the pig embryo, resulting in a mostly-human, slightly-pig offspring. “These more fantastical possibilities are not a problem in reality.”’ For the time being, while the possibilities around chimeras are still just on the side of fantastic, Chimera is an engaging read (or listen) that I’ve found lingering in my head long after finishing.

Chimera was published in English in Clarkesworld Magazine March 2016, and can be read and/or listened to here.

Getting into silkpunk – The Snow Of Jinyang

One of the best podcasts I’ve started tuning into is Clarkesworld Magazine, the Hugo-award winning sci-fi/fantasy magazine. Their back issues have turning my car into spaceships during work commutes, and best of all, they go out of their way to source and translate fiction from around the world, including a lot of Asian and Chinese sci-fi/fantasy short fiction.

Winter gazebo, China 2001
Winter gazebo, China. Copyright JZ Ting 2001

The Snow Of Jinyang is a novella by Zhang Ran, set in 10th century China during the Ten Kingdoms period, where the Han city of Jinyang is under siege from the Song Emperor days before its well-documented destruction. Alternate history is signaled in the first line: the city has an internet. There are also self-driving carriages, Ray-Bans, and lightsabre torches. There’s also a conspiracy – or several conspiracies – to try and save or salvage the city, all of which end up revolving around internet-addicted scholar Zhu Dagun and Prince Lu, a genius whose East City Institute is the source of the internet and Ray-Bans, but no one actually. What unfolds in is a hilarious Wizard of Oz meets A Connecticut Yankee In King Arthur’s Court wrapped up in Chinese historical silk-punk.

I had a great fun with this one. There are enough time-travel fantasy (chuanyue) stories in Chinese pop culture where the protagonist prevails by the power of his/her 21st century knowledge but has to navigate ancient Chinese society, and with this one my imagination started envisioning the story as a Chinese TV wuxia-styled comedy complete with English subtitles. I’m sure there are plenty of Chinese puns and wordplay in the original, but the English translation by Ken Liu and Carmen Yilang Yan is fluid and fun all on its own, capturing a difference in speech between the men of 10th century China and Prince Lu’s modern dialogue. (‘Prince’ Lu became ten times more hilarious when it’s revealed his real name is Wang Lu, which I expect is 王/wáng, meaning king/ruler/prince, but also a very common Chinese name). I loved the descriptions of a silk-punk internet (technically a city intranet, complete with government monitoring), the banter about the ridiculousness of Taoist alchemy, and the potpourri of references from Zhuge Liang to Star Trek and Macross (probably three of the biggest touchstones among my geeky immigrant Asian friends group). It’s all entertaining in a way that I suspect is a deliberate send-up of chuanyue tropes, which in the end are subverted as, despite all fantastical efforts, history marches on. As someone trying to find the time and headspace to properly dive into Ken Liu’s Grace of Kings, finding this novella was a welcome introduction to Chinese spec-fic and silkpunk which I’d love to read more of.

The Snow of Jinyang can be read and listened to online at the Clarkesworld website here.